json_encode
(PHP 5 >= 5.2.0, PHP 7, PECL json >= 1.2.0)
json_encode — Returns the JSON representation of a value
Description
Returns a string containing the JSON representation of the supplied
value
.
The encoding is affected by the supplied options
and additionally the encoding of float values depends on the value of
serialize_precision.
Parameters
-
value
-
The
value
being encoded. Can be any type except a resource.All string data must be UTF-8 encoded.
Note:
PHP implements a superset of JSON as specified in the original » RFC 7159.
-
options
-
Bitmask consisting of
JSON_FORCE_OBJECT
,JSON_HEX_QUOT
,JSON_HEX_TAG
,JSON_HEX_AMP
,JSON_HEX_APOS
,JSON_INVALID_UTF8_IGNORE
,JSON_INVALID_UTF8_SUBSTITUTE
,JSON_NUMERIC_CHECK
,JSON_PARTIAL_OUTPUT_ON_ERROR
,JSON_PRESERVE_ZERO_FRACTION
,JSON_PRETTY_PRINT
,JSON_UNESCAPED_LINE_TERMINATORS
,JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES
,JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE
,JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR
. The behaviour of these constants is described on the JSON constants page. -
depth
-
Set the maximum depth. Must be greater than zero.
Changelog
Version | Description |
---|---|
7.3.0 |
JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR
options was added.
|
7.2.0 |
JSON_INVALID_UTF8_IGNORE , and
JSON_INVALID_UTF8_SUBSTITUTE
options were added.
|
7.1.0 |
JSON_UNESCAPED_LINE_TERMINATORS
options was added.
|
7.1.0 | serialize_precision is used instead of precision when encoding double values. |
5.6.6 |
JSON_PRESERVE_ZERO_FRACTION
options was added.
|
5.5.0 |
depth parameter was added.
|
5.5.0 |
JSON_PARTIAL_OUTPUT_ON_ERROR
options was added.
|
5.5.0 |
The return value on failure was changed from null
string to FALSE .
|
5.4.0 |
JSON_PRETTY_PRINT ,
JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES , and
JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE
options were added.
|
5.3.3 |
JSON_NUMERIC_CHECK options was added.
|
5.3.0 |
JSON_FORCE_OBJECT ,
JSON_HEX_AMP ,
JSON_HEX_APOS ,
JSON_HEX_QUOT , and
JSON_HEX_TAG ,
options were added.
|
5.3.0 |
The options parameter was added.
|
Examples
Example #1 A json_encode() example
<?php
$arr = array('a' => 1, 'b' => 2, 'c' => 3, 'd' => 4, 'e' => 5);
echo json_encode($arr);
?>
The above example will output:
{"a":1,"b":2,"c":3,"d":4,"e":5}
Example #2 A json_encode() example showing some options in use
<?php
$a = array('<foo>',"'bar'",'"baz"','&blong&', "\xc3\xa9");
echo "Normal: ", json_encode($a), "\n";
echo "Tags: ", json_encode($a, JSON_HEX_TAG), "\n";
echo "Apos: ", json_encode($a, JSON_HEX_APOS), "\n";
echo "Quot: ", json_encode($a, JSON_HEX_QUOT), "\n";
echo "Amp: ", json_encode($a, JSON_HEX_AMP), "\n";
echo "Unicode: ", json_encode($a, JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE), "\n";
echo "All: ", json_encode($a, JSON_HEX_TAG | JSON_HEX_APOS | JSON_HEX_QUOT | JSON_HEX_AMP | JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE), "\n\n";
$b = array();
echo "Empty array output as array: ", json_encode($b), "\n";
echo "Empty array output as object: ", json_encode($b, JSON_FORCE_OBJECT), "\n\n";
$c = array(array(1,2,3));
echo "Non-associative array output as array: ", json_encode($c), "\n";
echo "Non-associative array output as object: ", json_encode($c, JSON_FORCE_OBJECT), "\n\n";
$d = array('foo' => 'bar', 'baz' => 'long');
echo "Associative array always output as object: ", json_encode($d), "\n";
echo "Associative array always output as object: ", json_encode($d, JSON_FORCE_OBJECT), "\n\n";
?>
The above example will output:
Normal: ["<foo>","'bar'","\"baz\"","&blong&","\u00e9"] Tags: ["\u003Cfoo\u003E","'bar'","\"baz\"","&blong&","\u00e9"] Apos: ["<foo>","\u0027bar\u0027","\"baz\"","&blong&","\u00e9"] Quot: ["<foo>","'bar'","\u0022baz\u0022","&blong&","\u00e9"] Amp: ["<foo>","'bar'","\"baz\"","\u0026blong\u0026","\u00e9"] Unicode: ["<foo>","'bar'","\"baz\"","&blong&","é"] All: ["\u003Cfoo\u003E","\u0027bar\u0027","\u0022baz\u0022","\u0026blong\u0026","é"] Empty array output as array: [] Empty array output as object: {} Non-associative array output as array: [[1,2,3]] Non-associative array output as object: {"0":{"0":1,"1":2,"2":3}} Associative array always output as object: {"foo":"bar","baz":"long"} Associative array always output as object: {"foo":"bar","baz":"long"}
Example #3 JSON_NUMERIC_CHECK option example
<?php
echo "Strings representing numbers automatically turned into numbers".PHP_EOL;
$numbers = array('+123123', '-123123', '1.2e3', '0.00001');
var_dump(
$numbers,
json_encode($numbers, JSON_NUMERIC_CHECK)
);
echo "Strings containing improperly formatted numbers".PHP_EOL;
$strings = array('+a33123456789', 'a123');
var_dump(
$strings,
json_encode($strings, JSON_NUMERIC_CHECK)
);
?>
The above example will output something similar to:
Strings representing numbers automatically turned into numbers array(4) { [0]=> string(7) "+123123" [1]=> string(7) "-123123" [2]=> string(5) "1.2e3" [3]=> string(7) "0.00001" } string(28) "[123123,-123123,1200,1.0e-5]" Strings containing improperly formatted numbers array(2) { [0]=> string(13) "+a33123456789" [1]=> string(4) "a123" } string(24) "["+a33123456789","a123"]"
Example #4 Sequential versus non-sequential array example
<?php
echo "Sequential array".PHP_EOL;
$sequential = array("foo", "bar", "baz", "blong");
var_dump(
$sequential,
json_encode($sequential)
);
echo PHP_EOL."Non-sequential array".PHP_EOL;
$nonsequential = array(1=>"foo", 2=>"bar", 3=>"baz", 4=>"blong");
var_dump(
$nonsequential,
json_encode($nonsequential)
);
echo PHP_EOL."Sequential array with one key unset".PHP_EOL;
unset($sequential[1]);
var_dump(
$sequential,
json_encode($sequential)
);
?>
The above example will output:
Sequential array array(4) { [0]=> string(3) "foo" [1]=> string(3) "bar" [2]=> string(3) "baz" [3]=> string(5) "blong" } string(27) "["foo","bar","baz","blong"]" Non-sequential array array(4) { [1]=> string(3) "foo" [2]=> string(3) "bar" [3]=> string(3) "baz" [4]=> string(5) "blong" } string(43) "{"1":"foo","2":"bar","3":"baz","4":"blong"}" Sequential array with one key unset array(3) { [0]=> string(3) "foo" [2]=> string(3) "baz" [3]=> string(5) "blong" } string(33) "{"0":"foo","2":"baz","3":"blong"}"
Example #5 JSON_PRESERVE_ZERO_FRACTION
option example
<?php
var_dump(json_encode(12.0, JSON_PRESERVE_ZERO_FRACTION));
var_dump(json_encode(12.0));
?>
The above example will output:
string(4) "12.0" string(2) "12"
Notes
Note:
In the event of a failure to encode, json_last_error() can be used to determine the exact nature of the error.
Note:
When encoding an array, if the keys are not a continuous numeric sequence starting from 0, all keys are encoded as strings, and specified explicitly for each key-value pair.
Note:
Like the reference JSON encoder, json_encode() will generate JSON that is a simple value (that is, neither an object nor an array) if given a string, integer, float or boolean as an input
value
. While most decoders will accept these values as valid JSON, some may not, as the specification is ambiguous on this point.To summarise, always test that your JSON decoder can handle the output you generate from json_encode().
See Also
- JsonSerializable
- json_decode() - Decodes a JSON string
- json_last_error() - Returns the last error occurred
- serialize() - Generates a storable representation of a value
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Document heeft de 30/01/2003 gemaakt, de laatste keer de 26/10/2018 gewijzigd
Bron van het afgedrukte document:https://www.gaudry.be/nl/php-rf-json-encode.html
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