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29.4 Adding New Functions to MySQL
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There are three ways to add new functions to MySQL:
You can add functions through the user-defined function (UDF) interface. User-defined functions are compiled as library files and then added to and removed from the server dynamically using the
CREATE FUNCTIONandDROP FUNCTIONstatements. See Section 13.7.4.1, “CREATE FUNCTION Syntax for User-Defined Functions”.You can add functions as native (built-in) MySQL functions. Native functions are compiled into the mysqld server and become available on a permanent basis.
Another way to add functions is by creating stored functions. These are written using SQL statements rather than by compiling object code. The syntax for writing stored functions is not covered here. See Section 24.2, “Using Stored Routines”.
Each method of creating compiled functions has advantages and disadvantages:
If you write user-defined functions, you must install object files in addition to the server itself. If you compile your function into the server, you need not do that.
Native functions require you to modify a source distribution. UDFs do not. You can add UDFs to a binary MySQL distribution. No access to MySQL source is necessary.
If you upgrade your MySQL distribution, you can continue to use your previously installed UDFs, unless you upgrade to a newer version for which the UDF interface changes. For native functions, you must repeat your modifications each time you upgrade.
Whichever method you use to add new functions, they can be invoked
in SQL statements just like native functions such as
ABS() or
SOUNDEX().
See Section 9.2.4, “Function Name Parsing and Resolution”, for the rules describing how the server interprets references to different kinds of functions.
The following sections describe features of the UDF interface, provide instructions for writing UDFs, discuss security precautions that MySQL takes to prevent UDF misuse, and describe how to add native MySQL functions.
For example source code that illustrates how to write UDFs, take a
look at the sql/udf_example.cc file that is
provided in MySQL source distributions.
The MySQL source code contains internal documentation written using Doxygen. This documentation is useful for understanding how MySQL works from a developer perspective. The generated Doxygen content is available at https://dev.mysql.com/doc/index-other.html. It is also possible to generate this content locally from a MySQL source distribution using the instructions at Section 2.9.10, “Generating MySQL Doxygen Documentation Content”.
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