getopt
(PHP 4 >= 4.3.0, PHP 5, PHP 7)
getopt — Gets options from the command line argument list
Description
$options
[, array $longopts
[, int &$optind
]] ) : arrayParses options passed to the script.
Parameters
-
options
- Each character in this string will be used as option characters and matched against options passed to the script starting with a single hyphen (-). For example, an option string "x" recognizes an option -x. Only a-z, A-Z and 0-9 are allowed.
-
longopts
- An array of options. Each element in this array will be used as option strings and matched against options passed to the script starting with two hyphens (--). For example, an longopts element "opt" recognizes an option --opt.
-
optind
-
If the
optind
parameter is present, then the index where argument parsing stopped will be written to this variable.
The options
parameter may contain the following
elements:
- Individual characters (do not accept values)
- Characters followed by a colon (parameter requires value)
- Characters followed by two colons (optional value)
Note: Optional values do not accept " " (space) as a separator.
Note:
The format for the
options
andlongopts
is almost the same, the only difference is thatlongopts
takes an array of options (where each element is the option) whereasoptions
takes a string (where each character is the option).
Return Values
This function will return an array of option / argument pairs, or FALSE
on failure.
Note:
The parsing of options will end at the first non-option found, anything that follows is discarded.
Changelog
Version | Description |
---|---|
7.1.0 |
Added the optind parameter.
|
5.3.0 | Added support for "=" as argument/value separator. |
5.3.0 | Added support for optional values (specified with "::"). |
5.3.0 |
Parameter longopts is available on all systems.
|
5.3.0 | This function is no longer system dependent, and now works on Windows, too. |
Examples
Example #1 getopt() example: The basics
<?php
// Script example.php
$options = getopt("f:hp:");
var_dump($options);
?>
shell> php example.php -fvalue -h
The above example will output:
array(2) { ["f"]=> string(5) "value" ["h"]=> bool(false) }
Example #2 getopt() example: Introducing long options
<?php
// Script example.php
$shortopts = "";
$shortopts .= "f:"; // Required value
$shortopts .= "v::"; // Optional value
$shortopts .= "abc"; // These options do not accept values
$longopts = array(
"required:", // Required value
"optional::", // Optional value
"option", // No value
"opt", // No value
);
$options = getopt($shortopts, $longopts);
var_dump($options);
?>
shell> php example.php -f "value for f" -v -a --required value --optional="optional value" --option
The above example will output:
array(6) { ["f"]=> string(11) "value for f" ["v"]=> bool(false) ["a"]=> bool(false) ["required"]=> string(5) "value" ["optional"]=> string(14) "optional value" ["option"]=> bool(false) }
Example #3 getopt() example: Passing multiple options as one
<?php
// Script example.php
$options = getopt("abc");
var_dump($options);
?>
shell> php example.php -aaac
The above example will output:
array(2) { ["a"]=> array(3) { [0]=> bool(false) [1]=> bool(false) [2]=> bool(false) } ["c"]=> bool(false) }
Example #4 getopt() example: Using optind
<?php
// Script example.php
$optind = null;
$opts = getopt('a:b:', [], $optind);
$pos_args = array_slice($argv, $optind);
var_dump($pos_args);
shell> php example.php -a 1 -b 2 -- test
The above example will output:
array(1) { [0]=> string(4) "test" }
English translation
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Document created the 30/01/2003, last modified the 26/10/2018
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References
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