No cache version.
Caching disabled. Default setting for this page:enabled (code LNG204)If the display is too slow, you can disable the user mode to view the cached version.
Returning values
Values are returned by using the optional return statement. Any type may be returned, including arrays and objects. This causes the function to end its execution immediately and pass control back to the line from which it was called. See return for more information.
Note:
If the return is omitted the value
NULLwill be returned.
Use of return
Example #1 Use of return
<?php
function square($num)
{
return $num * $num;
}
echo square(4); // outputs '16'.
?>
A function can not return multiple values, but similar results can be obtained by returning an array.
Example #2 Returning an array to get multiple values
<?php
function small_numbers()
{
return array (0, 1, 2);
}
list ($zero, $one, $two) = small_numbers();
?>
To return a reference from a function, use the reference operator & in both the function declaration and when assigning the returned value to a variable:
Example #3 Returning a reference from a function
<?php
function &returns_reference()
{
return $someref;
}
$newref =& returns_reference();
?>
For more information on references, please check out References Explained.
Return type declarations
PHP 7 adds support for return type declarations. Similarly to argument type declarations, return type declarations specify the type of the value that will be returned from a function. The same types are available for return type declarations as are available for argument type declarations.
Strict typing also has an effect on return type declarations. In the default weak mode, returned values will be coerced to the correct type if they are not already of that type. In strong mode, the returned value must be of the correct type, otherwise a TypeError will be thrown.
As of PHP 7.1.0, return values can be marked as nullable by prefixing the
type name with a question mark (?). This signifies that
the function returns either the specified type or NULL.
Note:
When overriding a parent method, the child's method must match any return type declaration on the parent. If the parent doesn't define a return type, then the child method may do so.
Examples
Example #4 Basic return type declaration
<?php
function sum($a, $b): float {
return $a + $b;
}
// Note that a float will be returned.
var_dump(sum(1, 2));
?>
The above example will output:
float(3)
Example #5 Strict mode in action
<?php
declare(strict_types=1);
function sum($a, $b): int {
return $a + $b;
}
var_dump(sum(1, 2));
var_dump(sum(1, 2.5));
?>
The above example will output:
int(3)
Fatal error: Uncaught TypeError: Return value of sum() must be of the type integer, float returned in - on line 5 in -:5
Stack trace:
#0 -(9): sum(1, 2.5)
#1 {main}
thrown in - on line 5
Example #6 Returning an object
<?php
class C {}
function getC(): C {
return new C;
}
var_dump(getC());
?>
The above example will output:
object(C)#1 (0) {
}
Example #7 Nullable return type declaration (as of PHP 7.1.0)
<?php
function get_item(): ?string {
if (isset($_GET['item'])) {
return $_GET['item'];
} else {
return null;
}
}
?>
English translation
You have asked to visit this site in English. For now, only the interface is translated, but not all the content yet.If you want to help me in translations, your contribution is welcome. All you need to do is register on the site, and send me a message asking me to add you to the group of translators, which will give you the opportunity to translate the pages you want. A link at the bottom of each translated page indicates that you are the translator, and has a link to your profile.
Thank you in advance.
Document created the 30/01/2003, last modified the 26/10/2018
Source of the printed document:https://www.gaudry.be/en/php-rf-functions.returning-values.html
The infobrol is a personal site whose content is my sole responsibility. The text is available under CreativeCommons license (BY-NC-SA). More info on the terms of use and the author.
References
These references and links indicate documents consulted during the writing of this page, or which may provide additional information, but the authors of these sources can not be held responsible for the content of this page.
The author This site is solely responsible for the way in which the various concepts, and the freedoms that are taken with the reference works, are presented here. Remember that you must cross multiple source information to reduce the risk of errors.
