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C.10.3 Limits on Table Size
The effective maximum table size for MySQL databases is usually determined by operating system constraints on file sizes, not by MySQL internal limits. For up-to-date information operating system file size limits, refer to the documentation specific to your operating system.
Windows users, please note that FAT and VFAT (FAT32) are not considered suitable for production use with MySQL. Use NTFS instead.
If you encounter a full-table error, there are several reasons why it might have occurred:
The disk might be full.
You are using
InnoDB
tables and have run out of room in anInnoDB
tablespace file. The maximum tablespace size is also the maximum size for a table. For tablespace size limits, see Section 15.6.1.6, “Limits on InnoDB Tables”.Generally, partitioning of tables into multiple tablespace files is recommended for tables larger than 1TB in size.
You have hit an operating system file size limit. For example, you are using
MyISAM
tables on an operating system that supports files only up to 2GB in size and you have hit this limit for the data file or index file.You are using a
MyISAM
table and the space required for the table exceeds what is permitted by the internal pointer size.MyISAM
permits data and index files to grow up to 256TB by default, but this limit can be changed up to the maximum permissible size of 65,536TB (2567 − 1 bytes).If you need a
MyISAM
table that is larger than the default limit and your operating system supports large files, theCREATE TABLE
statement supportsAVG_ROW_LENGTH
andMAX_ROWS
options. See Section 13.1.20, “CREATE TABLE Syntax”. The server uses these options to determine how large a table to permit.If the pointer size is too small for an existing table, you can change the options with
ALTER TABLE
to increase a table's maximum permissible size. See Section 13.1.9, “ALTER TABLE Syntax”.You have to specify
AVG_ROW_LENGTH
only for tables withBLOB
orTEXT
columns; in this case, MySQL can't optimize the space required based only on the number of rows.To change the default size limit for
MyISAM
tables, set themyisam_data_pointer_size
, which sets the number of bytes used for internal row pointers. The value is used to set the pointer size for new tables if you do not specify theMAX_ROWS
option. The value ofmyisam_data_pointer_size
can be from 2 to 7. A value of 4 permits tables up to 4GB; a value of 6 permits tables up to 256TB.You can check the maximum data and index sizes by using this statement:
You also can use myisamchk -dv /path/to/table-index-file. See Section 13.7.6, “SHOW Syntax”, or Section 4.6.4, “myisamchk — MyISAM Table-Maintenance Utility”.
Other ways to work around file-size limits for
MyISAM
tables are as follows:If your large table is read only, you can use myisampack to compress it. myisampack usually compresses a table by at least 50%, so you can have, in effect, much bigger tables. myisampack also can merge multiple tables into a single table. See Section 4.6.6, “myisampack — Generate Compressed, Read-Only MyISAM Tables”.
MySQL includes a
MERGE
library that enables you to handle a collection ofMyISAM
tables that have identical structure as a singleMERGE
table. See Section 16.7, “The MERGE Storage Engine”.
You are using the
MEMORY
(HEAP
) storage engine; in this case you need to increase the value of themax_heap_table_size
system variable. See Section 5.1.8, “Server System Variables”.
Document created the 26/06/2006, last modified the 26/10/2018
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