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2.5.1 Installing MySQL on Linux Using the MySQL Yum Repository

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The MySQL Yum repository for Oracle Linux, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, CentOS, and Fedora provides RPM packages for installing the MySQL server, client, MySQL Workbench, MySQL Utilities, MySQL Router, MySQL Shell, Connector/ODBC, Connector/Python and so on (not all packages are available for all the distributions; see Installing Additional MySQL Products and Components with Yum for details).

Before You Start

As a popular, open-source software, MySQL, in its original or re-packaged form, is widely installed on many systems from various sources, including different software download sites, software repositories, and so on. The following instructions assume that MySQL is not already installed on your system using a third-party-distributed RPM package; if that is not the case, follow the instructions given in Section 2.11.7, “Upgrading MySQL with the MySQL Yum Repository” or Replacing a Third-Party Distribution of MySQL Using the MySQL Yum Repository.

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Steps for a Fresh Installation of MySQL

Follow the steps below to install the latest GA version of MySQL with the MySQL Yum repository:

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    Adding the MySQL Yum Repository

    First, add the MySQL Yum repository to your system's repository list. This is a one-time operation, which can be performed by installing an RPM provided by MySQL. Follow these steps:

    1. Go to the Download MySQL Yum Repository page (https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/) in the MySQL Developer Zone.

    2. Select and download the release package for your platform.

    3. Install the downloaded release package with the following command, replacing platform-and-version-specific-package-name with the name of the downloaded RPM package: 

      shell> sudo yum localinstall platform-and-version-specific-package-name.rpm

      For an EL6-based system, the command is in the form of: 

      shell> sudo yum localinstall mysql80-community-release-el6-{version-number}.noarch.rpm

      For an EL7-based system: 

      shell> sudo yum localinstall mysql80-community-release-el7-{version-number}.noarch.rpm

      For Fedora 30: 

      shell> sudo dnf localinstall mysql80-community-release-fc30-{version-number}.noarch.rpm

      For Fedora 29: 

      shell> sudo dnf localinstall mysql80-community-release-fc29-{version-number}.noarch.rpm

      The installation command adds the MySQL Yum repository to your system's repository list and downloads the GnuPG key to check the integrity of the software packages. See Section 2.1.3.2, “Signature Checking Using GnuPG” for details on GnuPG key checking.

      You can check that the MySQL Yum repository has been successfully added by the following command (for dnf-enabled systems, replace yum in the command with dnf): 

      shell> yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"

    Note

    Once the MySQL Yum repository is enabled on your system, any system-wide update by the yum update command (or dnf upgrade for dnf-enabled systems) will upgrade MySQL packages on your system and also replace any native third-party packages, if Yum finds replacements for them in the MySQL Yum repository; see Section 2.11.7, “Upgrading MySQL with the MySQL Yum Repository” and, for a discussion on some possible effects of that on your system, see Upgrading the Shared Client Libraries.

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    Selecting a Release Series

    When using the MySQL Yum repository, the latest GA series (currently MySQL 8.0) is selected for installation by default. If this is what you want, you can skip to the next step, Installing MySQL.

    Within the MySQL Yum repository, different release series of the MySQL Community Server are hosted in different subrepositories. The subrepository for the latest GA series (currently MySQL 8.0) is enabled by default, and the subrepositories for all other series (for example, the MySQL 8.0 series) are disabled by default. Use this command to see all the subrepositories in the MySQL Yum repository, and see which of them are enabled or disabled (for dnf-enabled systems, replace yum in the command with dnf): 

    shell> yum repolist all | grep mysql

    To install the latest release from the latest GA series, no configuration is needed. To install the latest release from a specific series other than the latest GA series, disable the subrepository for the latest GA series and enable the subrepository for the specific series before running the installation command. If your platform supports yum-config-manager, you can do that by issuing these commands, which disable the subrepository for the 5.7 series and enable the one for the 8.0 series: 

    shell> sudo yum-config-manager --disable mysql57-community
shell> sudo yum-config-manager --enable mysql80-community

    For dnf-enabled platforms: 

    shell> sudo dnf config-manager --disable mysql57-community
shell> sudo dnf config-manager --enable mysql80-community

    Besides using yum-config-manager or the dnf config-manager command, you can also select a release series by editing manually the /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo file. This is a typical entry for a release series' subrepository in the file: 

    [mysql57-community]
name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

    Find the entry for the subrepository you want to configure, and edit the enabled option. Specify enabled=0 to disable a subrepository, or enabled=1 to enable a subrepository. For example, to install MySQL 8.0, make sure you have enabled=0 for the above subrepository entry for MySQL 5.7, and have enabled=1 for the entry for the 8.0 series: 

    # Enable to use MySQL 8.0
[mysql80-community]
name=MySQL 8.0 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

    You should only enable subrepository for one release series at any time. When subrepositories for more than one release series are enabled, the latest series will be used by Yum.

    Verify that the correct subrepositories have been enabled and disabled by running the following command and checking its output (for dnf-enabled systems, replace yum in the command with dnf): 

    shell> yum repolist enabled | grep mysql

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    Installing MySQL

    Install MySQL by the following command (for dnf-enabled systems, replace yum in the command with dnf): 

    shell> sudo yum install mysql-community-server

    This installs the package for MySQL server (mysql-community-server) and also packages for the components required to run the server, including packages for the client (mysql-community-client), the common error messages and character sets for client and server (mysql-community-common), and the shared client libraries (mysql-community-libs).

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    Starting the MySQL Server

    Start the MySQL server with the following command: 

    shell> sudo service mysqld start
Starting mysqld:[ OK ]

    You can check the status of the MySQL server with the following command: 

    shell> sudo service mysqld status
mysqld (pid 3066) is running.

At the initial start up of the server, the following happens, given that the data directory of the server is empty:

  • The server is initialized.

  • SSL certificate and key files are generated in the data directory.

  • validate_password is installed and enabled.

  • A superuser account 'root'@'localhost is created. A password for the superuser is set and stored in the error log file. To reveal it, use the following command: 

    shell> sudo grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

    Change the root password as soon as possible by logging in with the generated, temporary password and set a custom password for the superuser account: 

    shell> mysql -uroot -p
    1. mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPass4!';
    Note

    validate_password is installed by default. The default password policy implemented by validate_password requires that passwords contain at least one upper case letter, one lower case letter, one digit, and one special character, and that the total password length is at least 8 characters.

For more information on the postinstallation procedures, see Section 2.10, “Postinstallation Setup and Testing”.

Note

Compatibility Information for EL7-based platforms: The following RPM packages from the native software repositories of the platforms are incompatible with the package from the MySQL Yum repository that installs the MySQL server. Once you have installed MySQL using the MySQL Yum repository, you will not be able to install these packages (and vice versa).

  • akonadi-mysql

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Installing Additional MySQL Products and Components with Yum

You can use Yum to install and manage individual components of MySQL. Some of these components are hosted in sub-repositories of the MySQL Yum repository: for example, the MySQL Connectors are to be found in the MySQL Connectors Community sub-repository, and the MySQL Workbench in MySQL Tools Community. You can use the following command to list the packages for all the MySQL components available for your platform from the MySQL Yum repository (for dnf-enabled systems, replace yum in the command with dnf): 

shell> sudo yum --disablerepo=\* --enablerepo='mysql*-community*' list available

Install any packages of your choice with the following command, replacing package-name with name of the package (for dnf-enabled systems, replace yum in the command with dnf): 

shell> sudo yum install package-name

For example, to install MySQL Workbench on Fedora: 

shell> sudo dnf install mysql-workbench-community

To install the shared client libraries (for dnf-enabled systems, replace yum in the command with dnf): 

shell> sudo yum install mysql-community-libs

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Platform Specific Notes

ARM Support

ARM 64-bit (aarch64) is supported on Oracle Linux 7 and requires the Oracle Linux 7 Software Collections Repository (ol7_software_collections). For example, to install the server: 

shell> yum-config-manager --enable ol7_software_collections
shell> yum install mysql-community-server
Note

ARM 64-bit (aarch64) is supported on Oracle Linux 7 as of MySQL 8.0.12.

Known Limitation

The 8.0.12 release requires you to adjust the libstdc++7 path by executing ln -s /opt/oracle/oracle-armtoolset-1/root/usr/lib64 /usr/lib64/gcc7 after executing the yum install step.

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Updating MySQL with Yum

Besides installation, you can also perform updates for MySQL products and components using the MySQL Yum repository. See Section 2.11.7, “Upgrading MySQL with the MySQL Yum Repository” for details.


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Dokument erstellt 26/06/2006, zuletzt geändert 26/10/2018
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